Get-Printer returns basic information about all local printers. When you add the switch parameter -Full, it returns even more detailed information such as printer permissions, however on first sight, Get-Printer seems to output the same information, regardless of whether you specify -Full or not.
To see the enhanced information, you must ask PowerShell to show all properties because the enhanced properties are all hidden by default. This code reveals the difference made by specifying -Full:
Get-Printer | Select-Object -Property * | Out-GridView -Title 'Without -Full' Get-Printer -Full | Select-Object -Property * | Out-GridView -Title 'With -Full'
The most notably difference is found in the PermissionSDDL property.